- The History of Toranomon — From the Edo Period to the Present Day
- Life in Toranomon During the Edo Period
- ① Toranomon Osaka-ya Sunaba (Soba Noodles)
- ② Toranomon Yokocho (Gourmet Dining Complex)
- ③ The Tavern – Grill & Lounge at Andaz Tokyo (Hotel Dining)
- ④ THE BELCOMO (Cafe & Dining, inside Mitsui Garden Hotel Toranomon)
- ⑤ Tanita Cafe Toranomon (Healthy Cafe)
- ⑥ Pirouette Toranomon (French Bistro)
- ⑦ Le Pain Quotidien Kamiyacho (Bakery Cafe)
- Summary Table
The History of Toranomon — From the Edo Period to the Present Day
Toranomon, located in today’s Minato City, Tokyo, has played an important role from the Edo period to the present. Its history traces back to the urban planning of the Tokugawa shogunate.
Edo Period — “Toranomon” Gate of Edo Castle
In the early Edo period, Tokugawa Ieyasu expanded Edo Castle, constructing many outer gates. Toranomon was one such important gate, situated southwest of the castle, functioning as a defensive facility for the castle town. The origin of its name is debated, but one theory attributes it to Chinese feng shui, which assigns the White Tiger to the west; since this gate was in the west, it became known as “Toranomon” (“Tiger Gate”).
The area around the gate was lined with samurai residences, especially those of high-ranking hatamoto and daimyo. It also served as a checkpoint for monitoring the comings and goings of townspeople, with guard stations set up at the gate for strict security. The location was a crucial boundary between the “inside” and “outside” in Edo’s urban structure.
Meiji Period — Transformation into a Modern City
With the Meiji Restoration in 1868, Edo was renamed Tokyo, and rapid urban reforms were implemented to build a modern nation. Many gates and moats of Edo Castle were dismantled, including Toranomon. In 1873, Toranomon was officially removed, and the site was opened as part of road development efforts.
Simultaneously, government ministries and public offices were established around Toranomon, transforming the area into a hub of central government functions. Important ministries such as the Ministry of Education (now MEXT) and the Ministry of Justice (now MOJ) were located there, making Toranomon a center of Japan’s political and administrative activity.
Additionally, transportation infrastructure advanced during the Meiji period. The Tokyo streetcar system extended its route through Toranomon, further reinforcing the area’s role as a key point in urban transit.
Taisho and Showa Periods — Overcoming Earthquakes and War
In 1923, the Great Kanto Earthquake struck, causing severe damage throughout Tokyo, including Toranomon. Many buildings collapsed or burned down, but the area was quickly redeveloped through reconstruction plans, and urban functions were soon restored.
In the pre-war Showa period, Toranomon retained its character as an administrative and business district, while also seeing an influx of private office buildings and newspaper companies. However, the area suffered devastating destruction during the 1945 Tokyo air raids and was nearly annihilated.
After the war, as Japan embarked on reconstruction, Toranomon redeveloped into a base for both government agencies and private enterprises. From the 1950s to the 1960s, during Japan’s period of rapid economic growth, modern office buildings were constructed one after another, establishing Toranomon as one of Tokyo’s prominent business centers.
Heisei and Reiwa Periods — Redevelopment and Globalization
Since the 1990s, amid large-scale urban redevelopment throughout Tokyo, Toranomon has undergone significant transformation. A major turning point came with the opening of Toranomon Hills in 2014. This skyscraper, a large-scale complex integrating offices, hotels, residences, and commercial facilities, became a new symbol of the area.
Redevelopment projects centered on Toranomon Hills—such as the Toranomon-Azabudai Project and the Toranomon 1-Chome Urban Redevelopment—are not only enhancing business functions but also strengthening residential and international exchange capabilities, aiming to position Toranomon as a “Global Business Center.”
In 2020, the Toranomon Hills Station on the Tokyo Metro Hibiya Line opened, greatly improving transportation convenience. This development has enabled seamless access to other key areas like Roppongi and Shibuya, boosting Toranomon’s profile in both business and tourism.
Toranomon Today — A City Where History and the Future Intersect
Today, Toranomon is a unique area that blends its historical identity as a government and business district with a modern face shaped by cutting-edge urban development. Among the contemporary high-rises, historic structures from the Edo period, such as Enkō-ji Temple and Toranomon Kotohira Shrine, still remain, reflecting a harmonious coexistence of past and future.
The area continues to evolve as a welcoming destination for international businesspeople and tourists, with an increasingly diverse array of restaurants, cafes, and hotels. Efforts are also underway to create a sustainable cityscape, including expanding green spaces and implementing smart city technologies.
Toranomon is poised to remain a vital hub of Tokyo, continuously evolving in step with the times while carrying forward its historical legacy.
Life in Toranomon During the Edo Period
During the Edo period, Toranomon served not only as one of the outer gates of Edo Castle but also as an important samurai residential district. The area surrounding Toranomon was more than just a vital transportation hub—it was home to many warriors and played a key role in maintaining the order of the entire city of Edo. Let us explore daily life in Edo-period Toranomon, focusing on its samurai residences, merchant quarters, and the area around the gate itself.
Toranomon as a Samurai Residential District
The Toranomon area was primarily occupied by samurai residences, especially those of mid- to high-ranking retainers. Due to its proximity to Edo Castle, powerful daimyo and hatamoto (direct retainers of the shogun) built expansive estates here. These mansions typically consisted of two main parts: the omote (public area), used for receiving officials and guests, and the nakaoku (private area), where the family resided.
Daily life for these samurai was highly disciplined. They would rise early, clean the area around their homes, and carefully dress in preparation for attending duties at Edo Castle. Samurai living near Toranomon often walked to the castle, and it was said that in the early mornings, one could see lines of warriors in formal kamishimo attire making their way toward the gate.
While some residences were elegant, featuring gardens and ponds, not all samurai lived in luxury. Especially among the retainers of smaller domains, financial difficulties were common, and many had to economize on food and clothing. Some families even took on side work to supplement their income.
Merchant Quarters Around Toranomon
Although the Toranomon area was mainly for samurai, merchant quarters existed just outside the gate, at the boundary between the castle town and the city proper. Here, shops catered to the needs of those entering and exiting the gate, providing essential goods for the samurai.
Merchants sold high-quality rice, miso, soy sauce, clothing, and various daily necessities. White rice and tea, in particular, were in high demand among the warriors. Lower-ranking samurai and foot soldiers stationed at the gate would often spend their allowances at nearby food stalls, buying sweets like rice dumplings or sake.
Teahouses also flourished near the gate, serving as rest stops for those entering or leaving the castle. These establishments offered treats like dango and amazake (sweet fermented rice drink), and also served as informal places to exchange information.
Gatekeepers and Security at Toranomon
Toranomon was a key point for defense and traffic control. While the gate remained open during the day, it was closed at night and strictly monitored. A guard post (bansho) was stationed at the gate, where samurai worked in shifts.
Gatekeepers were responsible for monitoring people entering and leaving the castle town, preventing smuggling and suspicious activities, and responding to fires. As fires were common in Edo—so much so that the saying went, “Fires and fights are the flowers of Edo”—night patrols and fire prevention were major duties of the guards. They remained vigilant around the clock, ready to report any incidents to the castle immediately. The role required strict discipline, and serious mistakes were punished harshly.
Seasonal Events and Local Traditions
Various annual events and festivals took place around Toranomon during the Edo period. For example, nearby Kotohira Shrine hosted religious festivals that attracted both samurai and townspeople. At the end of the year and during the New Year season, street vendors gathered in front of the gate, creating lively markets selling decorations and food for the holidays.
People also enjoyed the changing seasons—cherry blossoms in spring and autumn foliage were popular, and the moat outside the gate became a favorite spot for outings. These seasonal customs brought moments of relaxation to the otherwise strict lives of the samurai and added color to the community’s everyday life.
Urban Growth and Changes in Toranomon
From the mid-Edo period onward, Edo’s population grew rapidly, and the city expanded. Toranomon, as a key transportation hub, became increasingly bustling. Roads passing through Toranomon connected the city with areas like Shiba and Shinagawa, and processions of feudal lords participating in sankin-kōtai (alternate attendance in Edo) regularly passed through the gate.
To accommodate the rising traffic, roads were improved, and new merchant houses were built around the gate. As Edo developed, Toranomon evolved from merely a gate to a vital base supporting the infrastructure of the castle town.
Conclusion
In the Edo period, Toranomon was a center of samurai life, a point of security and traffic control, and a junction linking the castle town with the rest of Edo. Despite the strict regulations of the samurai society, there were vibrant interactions with townspeople and colorful seasonal traditions that enriched daily life.
The lifestyle in Toranomon reflected a unique blend of the rigidity of warrior culture and the softness of merchant life. The foundation for Toranomon’s later development into a modern urban space was undoubtedly laid during this fascinating era of Edo history.
Sightseeing Model Courses to Enjoy the Toranomon Area
① 【Historical Walking Course】
A Time Travel Journey: From Edo to Modern Toranomon
Estimated Time: 2–3 hours
- Toranomon Ruins (Historic Marker)
Begin your historical journey by visiting the marker where the original Toranomon Gate once stood! - Kotohira Shrine Tokyo Branch (Toranomon Konpira Shrine)
A beloved shrine since the Edo period. Take a peaceful moment to offer prayers in the heart of the city. - Toranomon Hills Garden
Experience the contrast between old and new as you stroll through the garden area of Toranomon Hills, the modern symbol of Toranomon. - Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology – Former Building (Important Cultural Property)
Admire the retro architecture that still conveys the spirit of the Meiji era—well worth seeing, even just from the outside! - Lunch at Toranomon Yokocho
Wrap up the course with lunch at Toranomon Yokocho inside Toranomon Hills, where you can enjoy gourmet dishes with a modern twist on Edo culture.
② 【Urban Oasis Refresh Course】
Relaxing Around Toranomon’s Business District
Estimated Time: About 2 hours
- Atago Shrine (Walking Distance)
Climb the steepest stone staircase in Japan, known as the “Otoko-zaka” (Men’s Slope), and enjoy panoramic views of the Toranomon area from atop the hill. - Walk Around the Holland Hills Mori Tower Area
Stroll through an international business district, admiring the modern architectural beauty. - Cafe & Lounge on the 2nd Floor of Toranomon Hills Mori Tower
Enjoy coffee or lunch in a spacious setting—outdoor terrace seating is highly recommended! - Tea Time or Bar Visit at Andaz Tokyo (Upper Floors of Toranomon Hills)
If time allows, treat yourself to a luxurious moment at a lounge with stunning views from over 50 floors above ground.
③ 【Gourmet & Shopping Course】
Savor the Best Flavors and Style Toranomon Has to Offer!
Estimated Time: 3–4 hours
- Toranomon Hills Business Tower & Station Tower
Explore these latest multi-use complexes and check out trending restaurants and cafés. - Brunch at Toranomon Yokocho or a Café along Shintora-dori Avenue
Choose from a wide variety of options, from international cuisine to modern Japanese fare. - Stroll Along Shintora-dori (Toward Shimbashi)
Browse stylish boutique shops, bakeries, and unique general stores as you stroll. - Cheers at an Izakaya under the Shimbashi Railway Tracks!
Just a short walk from Toranomon, Shimbashi is packed with nostalgic izakayas.
End your day like a true Tokyo office worker—raise a glass and toast to your journey!
Each of these three courses offers a different vibe,
whether you’re in the mood for a serene historical stroll, a refreshing escape in the city, or a lively day of eating, shopping, and playing!
You can match the course to your mood and enjoy Toranomon your way!
Toranomon Gourmet Best 7
Toranomon offers a wide range of gourmet experiences, from long-established eateries to the latest trendy spots.
These seven restaurants represent the very best of what Toranomon has to offer!
① Toranomon Osaka-ya Sunaba (Soba Noodles)
A historic soba restaurant dating back to the Edo period.
Both the classic “Mori Soba” (cold soba with dipping sauce) and “Kake Soba” (hot soba in broth) are exceptional.
Simple yet full of rich dashi (broth) and soba flavor.
Recommended Dish: Tempura Zaru Soba
② Toranomon Yokocho (Gourmet Dining Complex)
Located inside Toranomon Hills, this lively gourmet spot features a variety of unique restaurants.
You can sample dishes from famous eateries across Japan and creations from top chefs—perfect for food hopping!
Recommended Spots: Sumibiyaki Yakitori Torikawa, Kowappou Ohashi Toranomon, and more.
③ The Tavern – Grill & Lounge at Andaz Tokyo (Hotel Dining)
The main dining venue of Andaz Tokyo, located on the upper floors of Toranomon Hills.
Enjoy premium grilled dishes while taking in spectacular nighttime views.
Perfect for anniversaries or special occasions.
Recommended Dish: Japanese Wagyu Steak and Seasonal Cocktails
④ THE BELCOMO (Cafe & Dining, inside Mitsui Garden Hotel Toranomon)
A spacious lounge cafe ideal for relaxing from morning to lunch to cafe time.
Plenty of healthy menu options are available.
Recommended Dish: Acai Bowl and Eggs Benedict
⑤ Tanita Cafe Toranomon (Healthy Cafe)
A health-focused cafe produced by Tanita.
Popular for its vegetable-centered set meals and smoothies, offering well-balanced nutrition in every dish.
Recommended Dish: Daily Set Meal Plate
⑥ Pirouette Toranomon (French Bistro)
A casual yet authentic French bistro.
Enjoy good wine and classic bistro dishes in a cozy atmosphere.
Recommended Dish: Bistro Lunch Set and Charcuterie Platter
⑦ Le Pain Quotidien Kamiyacho (Bakery Cafe)
An organic bakery from Europe, located near Kamiyacho Station (within walking distance of Toranomon).
Perfect for breakfast or brunch, with outdoor terrace seating for a relaxed experience.
Recommended Dish: Tartine (Open-Faced Sandwich) and Organic Coffee
Summary Table
| Rank | Category | Name |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | Soba | Osaka-ya Sunaba |
| 2nd | Gourmet Dining Complex | Toranomon Yokocho |
| 3rd | Hotel Dining | The Tavern – Grill & Lounge |
| 4th | Lounge Cafe | THE BELCOMO |
| 5th | Healthy Cafe | Tanita Cafe Toranomon |
| 6th | Bistro | Pirouette Toranomon |
| 7th | Bakery | Le Pain Quotidien Kamiyacho |
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